Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral nerve blocks are becoming increasingly used as adjuvant treatment modalities for a variety of conditions refractory to medical treatment. Right or left stellate ganglion blocks are a specific type of peripheral nerve block that targets the sympathetic blockade of neuronal impulses by injecting local anesthetic and steroids into nerve bundles in the cervical area. Objective: It was to present the primary evidence from clinical studies of visceral pain mediated by the sympathetic nervous system through resolution with stellate ganglion block under ultrasound. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The search was conducted from January to February 2025 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 104 articles were found. A total of 28 articles were assessed and 25 were included in this systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 22 studies with a high risk of bias and 22 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2=89.5% >50%. It was evident that stellate ganglion block is an emerging treatment modality for many sympathetically managed processes, resulting in complete resolution of pain. Although promising in the current literature, large multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed in the future to further validate the efficacy of stellate ganglion block. Additional research is also needed to elucidate the timing, laterality, and repetition of blocks for these conditions.