Abstract
Introduction: After tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge will commonly decrease in volume and change morphologically. These changes can difficult or even impede the placement of dental implants and prosthetic rehabilitation. Minimizing bone remodeling means optimizing the esthetics and functional aspects, and mainly, the sucess of implant treatment. To avoid the residual ridge resorption different techniques and bone graft materials have been proposed. Objective: It was to analyze, through a systematic review, the main clinical considerations of minimally traumatic tooth extraction, in order to highlight the best dental and aesthetic management. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The search was carried out from November 2024 to January 2025 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 175 articles were found, and 40 articles were evaluated in full and 29 were included and developed in the present systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 25 studies with a high risk of bias and 30 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2. According to the GRADE instrument, most studies presented homogeneity in their results, with X2=81.3%>50%. The present study suggests that the alveolar graft technique may increase the risk of disease transmission, cost, and time of treatment. Several studies have stated that the graft material is not fully incorporated into the newly formed bone, indicating less vital bone tissue. Spontaneous cicatrization is still the most used feature since, in intact alveoli and small defects, it is a procedure that does not present significant losses that justify the use of edge preservation techniques. In larger defects, techniques after spontaneous healing, such as a block graft, can be used without the drawbacks of alveolar grafting, such as delayed healing and poor bone quality.
