Abstract
Introduction: According to the World Dental Federation, the hypothesis is that more than 90.0% of the world's population will have any oral disease in their lifetime. In addition, only 60.0% of the population has access to oral hygiene. In childhood and adolescence, caries and periodontal diseases are the most common diseases in the world, and in Brazil, caries is the main oral health problem. Many recent studies have focused on the association between dental caries and systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Objective: It was to systematically analyze the world literature to list the main considerations regarding the relationship between the axis of caries and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the immunological aspects. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The search was conducted from April to July 2024 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument, and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 148 articles were found, 40 studies were evaluated, and 25 were included in this systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the global assessment resulted in 22 studies with a high risk of bias and 28 studies that did not meet GRADE. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2 =92.7% >50%. It was concluded that there is an important network and cascade of defense events between immunological processes and caries disease. Thus, it is necessary to have a healthy immune response to reduce the incidence of cavities. Dental caries was independently associated with the risk of ischemic stroke and death, with the effect being greatest in African-American participants. Regular dental care was associated with a lower chance of cavities, highlighting its relevance in preventing these events. Higher scores of decayed, missing, and filled teeth correlated positively with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, dental disease, and oral hygiene care are important determinants of the development of heart failure.