Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea involves obstruction or narrowing of an individual's airways during sleep and is associated with several comorbidities. Management can be surgical or non-surgical, and Phase II of the Stanford Protocol for surgical management involves maxillomandibular advancement. Objective: To conduct a concise systematic review to present the main considerations and clinical results of orthognathic surgery in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Methods: The PRISMA Platform systematic review rules were followed. The search was carried out from April to June 2024 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 110 articles were found, 41 articles were evaluated and 23 were included in this systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the global assessment resulted in 28 studies with a high risk of bias and 28 studies that did not meet GRADE. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2 =88.5% >50%. Maxillomandibular advancement surgery is a successful treatment for obstructive sleep apnea, but there are still concerns about cosmetic results due to the major advances involved. Bimaxillary advancement osteotomy significantly increases oropharyngeal volume and contracted superficial areas, which remain stable between 6 months and 1 year postoperatively.