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MedNext Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Review
DOI: 10.54448/mdnt23S210
Submitted: 05-29-2023
Published: 05-29-2023

Biomaterials, surgical processes and bone formation for dental implants: a systematic review

UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS – Postgraduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Several factors have been reported related to implant success, such as the development and maintenance of healthy peri-implant soft tissues. The development of biomaterials for use in dental clinics in recent years has represented a powerful therapeutic tool in the correction of bone defects. Objective: The present study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the main approaches to the use of biomaterials, surgical methods, and bone regeneration for dental implants. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The search was carried out from January to March 2023 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases, using articles from 1991 to 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed accordingly, according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 204 articles were found, 78 articles were evaluated and 66 were included and developed in this systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 96 studies with a high risk of bias and 20 studies that did not meet GRADE. For a successful dental implant practice, osseointegration is essential. However, it is a complex process with many factors interfering in the formation and maintenance of bone tissue around the implant, such as topography and surface roughness, biocompatibility, and loading conditions. The dental surgeon must master the knowledge of the healing process of the post-extraction sockets, to provide correct planning of the cases. The optimized processes of implant dentistry and biomaterials allow the installation of implants in areas of low bone thickness, width, and height, with simpler surgeries and greater success rates and patient comfort.

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How to Cite

Passos, E. C. F., Idalgo, F. A., Pereira, S. A. dos S., Nunes, A. G., Kassis, E. N., & Cicareli, A. J. (2023). Biomaterials, surgical processes and bone formation for dental implants: a systematic review. MedNEXT Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 4(S2). https://doi.org/10.54448/mdnt23S210