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MedNext Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Review
DOI: 10.54448/mdnt22S315
Submitted: 25-05-2022
Published: 25-05-2022

Major predictors of early dental implant loss: a systematic review

UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo - Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo - Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo - Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
UNORTE - University Center of Northern São Paulo - Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil / UNIPOS - Post graduate and continuing education, Dentistry department, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Dental implant Osseous integration Early loss Failures Clinical trials

Abstract

Introduction: In the dental implant (DI) scenario, it is estimated that about 18 million DI occur annually in the world. There are over 1,300 types of dental implants. DI also has several side effects such as biological complications, which are adverse reactions in the hard and soft tissues of the implant prosthesis, such as mucositis and peri-implantitis. Still, poor oral health, alcohol intake, and smoking are some of the underlying predictors that contribute to these complications. Objective: A systematic review was carried out on the main considerations of early loss of dental implants, presenting through clinical findings the main predictors of dental implant failure. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform. The research was carried out from December 2021 to February 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 244 articles were found. In total, 102 articles were fully evaluated and 32 were included and evaluated in this study. Lack of primary stability, surgical trauma, and infection are the main predictors. It can be said that the quality and quantity of bone enable a high success rate for the preservation of alveolar bone around implants. The highlights of predictors of DI failures are biological failures, mechanical failures, iatrogenic failures, inadequate adaptation, which includes aesthetic dissatisfaction and psychological problems. Conclusion: Despite the high success rate, implants fail. Primary instability, surgical trauma, and perioperative contamination appear to be the most important predictors of implant failure. Furthermore, the determination of this genetic pattern in osseous integration makes it possible to identify individuals at greater risk of implant loss. Thus, genetic markers are important, contributing to an adequate preoperative selection and development of prevention strategies and individualized therapy to modulate genetic markers and increase the success rate of treatments.

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How to Cite

Câmara, W. D., Pinto, F. R. F., Fuscaldo, B., & Tessarin, G. W. L. (2022). Major predictors of early dental implant loss: a systematic review. MedNEXT Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 3(S3). https://doi.org/10.54448/mdnt22S315